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Cluster classification of Diabetes Mellitus #bestcardiologistinperambur #angioinkolathur

Cluster classification of diabetes, or data-driven subtyping, redefines Diabetes into five distinct groups beyond traditional type 1/ type 2 diabetes based on autoimmunity, BMI, age ,HBA1c, insulin resistance and beta cells function.

This approach aims to personalize treatment and predict complication risks better, featuring types like SAID, SIDD, SIRD, MOD, and MARD

The 5-Cluster Classification System

Severe Autoimmune Diabetes (SAID): Previously classified as Type 1 or LADA (Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults). Characterized by early onset, low BMI, poor metabolic control, and high glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GADA) positivity.
Severe Insulin-Deficient Diabetes (SIDD): Similar to SAID (early onset, low BMI, high HbA1c) but without autoantibodies. Characterized by severe beta-cell failure and high risk of retinopathy.
Severe Insulin-Resistant Diabetes (SIRD): Features high BMI (obesity) and high insulin resistance. High risk of diabetic kidney disease and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Mild Obesity-Related Diabetes (MOD): Includes obese individuals who develop the disease at a younger age but with less severe insulin resistance or metabolic disturbance compared to SIRD.
Mild Age-Related Diabetes (MARD): The most common group, characterized by elderly patients with relatively mild metabolic disturbance
Combined Insulin-Resistant and Insulin-Deficient Diabetes (CIRDD): A novel, more severe cluster found in some studies (e.g., in Indian populations).

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